Miners assemble valid transactions into candidate blocks and search for a qualifying block-header hash. A successful miner broadcasts the block and may claim the subsidy plus included transaction fees.
Miners choose which valid transactions to include, usually favoring higher fee rates. They can reorder or temporarily omit transactions, but they cannot make nodes accept invalid spending or change the supply rules.
Modern mining separates hardware owners, facilities and pools. Pools coordinate work and smooth payouts, while individual hashers can independently verify block templates through newer protocols and configurations.
Proposes, but does not define, valid blocks
Revenue combines subsidy and fees
Difficulty regulates block cadence
Specialized ASIC hardware dominates