21MERIDIAN 2140
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Block Subsidy

New bitcoin a miner may create in a valid block under the issuance schedule.

The block subsidy is the newly issued portion of a miner’s block reward. It began at 50 BTC and is cut in half every 210,000 blocks. It is separate from transaction fees.

A miner may claim less than the permitted subsidy, but not more. Every full node calculates the allowed amount and rejects a block whose coinbase output overclaims the subsidy plus fees.

Repeated integer halvings drive new issuance toward zero. The schedule bootstraps security while distributing coins, then progressively shifts miner revenue toward transaction fees.

01

New issuance, not total miner revenue

02

Halves every 210,000 blocks

03

Nodes reject overpayment

04

Trends toward zero

DOC · 001Bitcoin Core validation: block subsidyPrimaryDOC · 002Bitcoin Developer Guide: Block ChainDocumentation
Reviewed 25 July 2026Source-first · No investment advice